Bluethroat Vs Starling: Key Differences Explained

The Bluethroat (Luscinia svecica) and the Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) are two distinct species of birds both found in Europe. Both species are also classified as least concern on the IUCN Red List. However, there are several differences that make identifying these two birds quite easy.

In this article we’ll be looking at these differences allowing you to make a positive ID in the field. Keep reading to find out more.

Table of Contents

Key Takeaways

Bluethroats are considerably smaller than Starlings
Starlings are resident birds in the UK whereas Bluethroats are rare visitors and passage migrants
Male Bluethroats have a distinctive blue throat patch which is missing from Starlings
Starlings have a glossy iridescent sheen with purple, blue and greenish hues when hit by sunlight
Bluethroats are elusive birds whereas Starlings are extremely sociable birds and are often seen in large flocks

What Is The Difference Between A Bluethroat And A Starling?

Although both of these birds are fairly similar in size, they differ in many ways. These differences include;

Visual Differences

Male Bluethroats are smaller and have a distinct blue throat patch which is bordered by red or white and a rusty orange tail base. Females lack the bright blue throat patch but many have a slight bluish tinge.

Both males and females have a brown back and white underparts, but it’s the blue throat patch on the male of the species that is the most distinguishing feature.

Starlings are slightly larger and generally dark coloured with an iridescent sheen that displays purple, green and blue tones when sunlight hits the feathers. In winter they are speckled with white dots.

They have a yellow beak and during the breeding season, the iridescent sheen and yellow beak make them stand out. Even in winter when they lose this iridescence, and their plumage becomes less shiny and more spotted, they are still quite distinctive.

Differences In Habitat

Bluethroats prefer wetland areas, marshes, and scrubby habitats near water. They are migratory birds, breeding in northern Europe and Asia and wintering in southern Europe, North Africa, and South Asia.

Bluethroats are rare visitors and passage migrants to the UK with only a few scattered reports of breeding.

Starlings are found in a wide range of habitats, including urban areas, farmlands, grasslands, and forests. They are resident birds in many areas, though some populations migrate.

Starlings are native to Europe and parts of Asia but introduced to many other regions, including North America, Australia, and New Zealand, where they are now widespread and often considered as an invasive species.

Differences In Behaviour

The Bluethroat is a ground-dwelling bird often found near wetlands, marshes, and dense vegetation. It is shy and elusive, usually seen foraging on the ground for insects, spiders, and berries.

Starlings are very social and often seen in large flocks, especially during the winter months. They are highly adaptable, foraging on the ground for insects, seeds, and even human food scraps. Their synchronised flying behaviour (called murmurations) is a well-known spectacle.

Nests & Eggs

The nest of the Bluethroat is cup-shaped, and built from grass, leaves and moss.The female Bluethroat constructs the nest on her own which is hidden in dense vegetation close to water.

She lays a clutch of around 4 to 8 bluish-green eggs which are covered in reddish-brown spots. Each egg is typically 18 x 14 mm in size and weighs around 2 grams. The altricial chicks hatch after 13 to 15 days of incubation done solely by the female.

Starlings typically nest in tree cavities, nesting boxes or underneath roofing tiles. The male constructs the nest out of dried grass and leaves which is then lined by the female with wool, fur, moss and feathers.

The female lays a clutch of anywhere between 4 to 7 glossy pale blue eggs. Each egg is around 30 x 21 mm in size and weighs around 7 grams. Both parents incubate the eggs for around 12 to 15 days before the altricial chicks hatch.

Bird Calls

The Bluethroat is a songbird with a melodious and varied song. Males sing to attract females, and the song is often a mix of different notes, including imitations of other bird species.

Starlings are also excellent mimics and can imitate other birds, mechanical sounds, and human-made noises. Their vocalisations include a combination of whistles, clicks, and gurgling sounds.

Size & Weight

Bluethroats are smaller than Starlings with an average length of an adult Bluethroat being around 14 cm. They have a wingspan of around 20 to 23 cm and weigh around 20 grams.

Starlings are around ⅓ longer than Bluethroats with an average adult measuring 21 cm and boasting a wingspan of around 37 to 42 cm. The average weight of an adult Starling is around 75 to 90 grams.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the main differences between Bluethroats and Starlings?

The main differences between Bluethroats and Starlings is their colouration and markings. Male Bluethroats have a distinctive blue throat patch often bordered with red and white. Starlings are all black with a glossy iridescent sheen which shows purple, blue and greenish hues when hit by sunlight.

Are Bluethroats migratory birds?

Yes Bluethroats are migratory birds in fact they are only usually seen in the UK as rare visitors and passage migrants.

Are Starlings migratory birds?

In the UK Starlings are resident birds however, in autumn and winter their numbers swell as birds from colder parts of Europe migrate to the warmer climes of the UK.